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Silverberry - Eleagnus multiflora
Family: Elaeagnaceae
THIS PAGE IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION.
Description
The Elaeagnus species described herein are small trees to many branched shrubs. Young branches are often covered with a silvery gray or golden-brown hairy pubescence but with age develop a scaly gray-brown bark. In some species the branches are armed with spines. The ovate to lanceolate leaves are alternate, petioled, and densely covered with a silvery, scaly or stellate pubescence. The fragrant flowers are solitary or in small clusters of one to three on twigs of the current year. The perfect flowers lack petals but have 4 spreading sepals that are yellowish on the interior surface and white to silvery on the outside, 4 stamens and a single pistil. The fruit is a mealy drupelike achene, round to ovoid, densely covered with a silvery gray pubescence.
Growth characteristics:
Many Elaeagnus spp. are capable of nitrogen fixation and have been recommended for companion planting because of this characteristic. Plants are capable of flowering and producing fruit after reaching only three years of age. The yellowish fragrant flowers appear in June and July and are later replaced by abundant silvery fruit. Bird species are probably the primary vector for dispersal although raccoons, skunks, and opossums also feed on the fruit. Some vegetative propagation has been reported. Once established, Elaeagnus spp. are highly invasive and difficult to control. They are found in disturbed areas, successional fields, pastures, roadsides, and shelter belts where they have been widely planted. They also have escaped to invade prairies, open woodlands, and forest edges.
Problems:
The fast growing persistent habit allows Elaeagnus spp. to outcompete
native plants, interfere with natural plant succession and nutrient cycling,
and reduce water reserves in the soil. The species are drought tolerant
and their nitrogen fixing ability allows them to grow in a wide range
of soils. Plants can resprout vigorously following cutting or burning.
Links to more information
Website, video, and graphics by Rob Nelson
For more information on this plant or management please contact US Army Corp of Engineers
